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Independent adoptions are generally done by attorneys and at least provide assurance that must adhere to the standards on adoption from the Bar Association. Not including RI, many states do not allow private adoptions.

All of these adoptions have special contracts and conditions that are specific to each need and want of the birth mother and adoptive family. These terms determine whether or not the adoption is closed or open or somewhere in between. An open adoption is when the birth mother has total access to the child and vice- versa. They visit and talk on the phone and no information is kept from the child. A closed adoption is when all connections between the mother and the child are cut off. They do not visit and the child may know nothing about his or her mother. The child may not even know he was adopted.

Birth Family

This is essentialy the beginning of the adoption "triad". When the family has a child and needs to consider adoption, they begin the adoption process. They have three main forms of adoption to choose from. Agency adoptions, Independent adoptions, and placement by a facilitator.

Bith Family to Adoptee

Adoptee

This person has a strong relationship and relies on both the birth famiy and the adoptive family. The realationship with the birth family is obviously genetic where as the adoptee is raised and tought by the adoptive family. This is my role in the adoption "triad". This is the person who is given for adoption by their birth family into one of the three major forms of the process. They then are placed with their new home and family. This family is legally responsible for them until they turn the legal age of majority.

Adoption Prior to Legal Statutes

1960's-1970's Revolutions

For Birth Mothers

For Adoptive Family

Adopte to Adoptive Family

Adoption

By Teddy Sullivan

Adoptive Family

Types of Adoption

Agency

Private

State

This provides the greatest assurance of monitoring

and oversight since agencies are required to

adhere to liscensing and procedural standards.

Offers the least supervision and oversight. This doesn't mean that there are no ethical professionals with good standards they follow. This is usually a good option for those with little choice or one that needs to adopt quickly. It also can be chosen when the state believes the parents cannot care for the child.

The adoptive family must choose to enter the adoption process. They must be fully willing to live and care for a child not born to them. They made the choice to legally and emotionally adopt the child. It makes no difference whether the child was adopted years old or hours old, the bond between the child and this family is undeniably strong.

Adoption is often referred to as a triad. This has to do with the three very important groups of people that have roles in adoption. All of these people have important relationships with each other and without one of the three, the adoption couldn't happen, or at least not successfully.

Then Back to...

AdoptiveFamily

to Birth family

History Of Adoption

-Birth control methods were impoved, reducing the number of unplanned pregnancies

-Legalization of abortion

-Normalization of single parenthood

-Adoptive parents begin to demand more information on the children whose lives they will be entrusted with

-Adoption is an agreement that dates back to ancient times. It is spoken of in the Bible and Greeks, Romans, and Egyptians all had forms of adoption

-It has been practiced in America since the colonial times and wasn't legally practiced in the U.S. until 1850

-In early American society, there were no records of birth or families so it was very easy to make these changes go unnoticed

-Many of these adoptions were economically motivated. Farm families had a great need for child labor

-After the 13th Amendment abolished indenture, the adoption rate rose greatly, as the need for workers in the factories rose with the Industrial Revolution

Involuntary Termination of Parental Rights

Record Closure

-Abandonment

-Neglect

-Abuse

-Mental Illness/Deficiency

-Chronic Substance Abuse

-Felony and Long Term Conviction

-During the the 30's, 40's, and 50's social workers began sealing adoption records

-Secrecy of these adoptions were meant to protect the triad of people that participate in the adoption

-Social workes had complete control over the adoption. Their goal was to pick the perfect baby for the adoptive family

-Little or no information were shared between both sets of parents and many "facts" given to the parents were fictitious

-Both parties were encouraged to "get on with their lives" and "put the event behind them". The adoption was viewed as a final and legal and the parents were given no time for preparation or warning of future problems with the baby.

Adoption Process

1)Find an adoption professional

2)The Adoption Home Study

3)Match With Birth Mother

4)Placement

5)Finalization

1)Find an adoption professional

2)Create an Adoption Plan

3)Select a Family

4)Baby is Born

5)Placement

6)Finalization

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